Dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho e sua associação com transtornos mentais comuns em trabalhadores de um frigorífico do Sul do Brasil / Work-related musculoskeletal pain and its association with common mental disorders among employees of a poultry producing company in Southern Brazil

Contexto: A dor musculoesquelética é um dos problemas ocupacionais mais comuns nas sociedades industrializadas, e sua prevalência é potencialmente associada à presença de transtornos mentais. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho e sua associação com a presença de transtornos mentais comuns em trabalhadores de um frigorífico do Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com o total de 1.103 trabalhadores, de 18 a 52 anos de idade, em 2010. A dor musculoesquelética foi avaliada por meio de uma figura humana adaptada do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Considerou-se o relato da presença de dor relacionada ao trabalho em qualquer região do corpo nos últimos 12 meses. A presença de transtornos mentais comuns foi determinada pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Razões de prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas, com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), foram obtidas mediante a regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A prevalência de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho foi de 40,3% (IC95% 37,4­43,2) na amostra geral, 46,8% (IC95% 43,2­50,5) nas mulheres e 27,8% (IC95% 23,2­32,3) nos homens. Na análise bruta, trabalhadores com presença de transtornos mentais comuns apresentaram prevalência duas vezes maior de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho quando comparados com aqueles sem transtornos (RP=2,27; IC95% 1,99­2,58). Esse efeito manteve-se significativo após o ajuste para variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais, de saúde e ocupacionais. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo alertam para a importância de medidas visando à promoção da saúde física e mental dos trabalhadores em ações para reduzir a dor

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common occupational problems in the industrial society and its prevalence is potentially associated with mental disorders. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain and its association with occurrence of common mental disorders among employees of a poultry processing company in Southern Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2010 with 1,103 employees aged 18 to 52 years old. Musculoskeletal pain was investigated based on a human figure adapted from the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. We considered reported work-related pain in any part of the body in the past 12 months. Occurrence of common mental disorders was assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain was 40.3% (95%CI 37.4­43.2) for the total sample, 46.8% (95%CI 43.2­50.5) for women and 27.8% (95%CI 23.2­32.3) for men. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was twice higher for the participants with common mental disorders compared to those without this condition (PR=2.27; 95%CI 1.99­2.58). This effect remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, health-related and occupational variables. Conclusion: The results of the present study point to the relevance of preventive measures to promote the mental and physical health of workers in order to reduce or minimize the occurrence of pain

Work-related musculoskeletal pain and its association with common mental disorders among employees of a poultry producing company in Southern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common occupational problems in the industrial society and its prevalence is potentially associated with mental disorders. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain and its association with occurrence of common mental disorders among employees of a poultry processing company in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted in 2010 with 1,103 employees aged 18 to 52 years old. Musculoskeletal pain was investigated based on a human figure adapted from the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. We considered reported work-related pain in any part of the body in the past 12 months. Occurrence of common mental disorders was assessed- by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain was 40.3% (95%CI 37.4-43.2) for the total sample, 46.8% (95%CI 43.2-50.5) for women and 27.8% (95%CI 23.2-32.3) for men. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was twice higher for the participants with common mental disorders compared to those without this condition (PR=2.27; 95%CI 1.99-2.58). This effect remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, health-related and occupational variables. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study point to the relevance of preventive measures to promote the mental and physical health of workers in order to reduce or minimize the occurrence of pain.

CONTEXTO: A dor musculoesquelética é um dos problemas ocupacionais mais comuns nas sociedades industrializadas, e sua prevalência é potencialmente associada à presença de transtornos mentais. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho e sua associação com a presença de transtornos mentais comuns em trabalhadores de um frigorífico do Sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com o total de 1.103 trabalhadores, de 18 a 52 anos de idade, em 2010. A dor musculoesquelética foi avaliada por meio de uma figura humana adaptada do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Considerou-se o relato da presença de dor relacionada ao trabalho em qualquer região do corpo nos últimos 12 meses. A presença de transtornos mentais comuns foi determinada pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Razões de prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas, com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), foram obtidas mediante a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho foi de 40,3% (IC95% 37,4-43,2) na amostra geral, 46,8% (IC95% 43,2-50,5) nas mulheres e 27,8% (IC95% 23,2-32,3) nos homens. Na análise bruta, trabalhadores com presença de transtornos mentais comuns apresentaram prevalência duas vezes maior de dor musculoesquelética relacionada ao trabalho quando comparados com aqueles sem transtornos (RP=2,27; IC95% 1,99-2,58). Esse efeito manteve-se significativo após o ajuste para variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais, de saúde e ocupacionais. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo alertam para a importância de medidas visando à promoção da saúde física e mental dos trabalhadores em ações para reduzir a dor.

Sleep-related problems and minor psychiatric disorders among Brazilian shift workers.

The aim of this study was to explore the association between sleep-related problems with the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorders in shift workers of southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study with 1202 workers (785 females) aged 18-50 years was carried out. Minor psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and four sleep problems were collected and analyzed: sleep deprivation (≤ 5h), difficulty falling asleep, waking up during sleep, and sleep medication use. Results show that the overall prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was 26.8%, but it was more prevalent among females than males (30.2% vs. 20.4%). Nightshift work was significantly associated with the occurrence of sleep-related problems. After adjusting for confounding factors, the number of sleep-related problems showed a positive linear trend with psychiatric disorders in both sexes. Having two or more sleep-related problems was associated with increased probability of psychiatric disorders approximately three-fold among males and two-fold among females, when compared with those without sleep problems. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that sleep-related problems have a strong and independent association with psychiatric disorders among shift workers. Furthermore, the prevalence of both conditions was higher among females than males; however, the strength of these associations was higher in males.

Uso de medidas autorreferidas de peso e altura na determinação do estado nutricional de trabalhadores / Use of self-reported weight and height for determining workers' nutritional status

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o uso de medidas autorreferidas de peso e altura na avaliação do estado nutricional de trabalhadores de um frigorífico do Sul do Brasil. Métodos Foi conduzido um estudo transversal, com 902 trabalhadores com idade entre 18 e 50 anos. As variáveis so-ciodemográficas, assim como peso e altura autorreferidos foram obtidos por um questionário pré-testado e padronizado. Posteriormente, foram aferidos peso e altura, calculado o índice de massa corporal e classificado o estado nutricional. Foi utilizada a estatística de Bland-Altman para determinar as diferenças médias e os limites de concordância entre medidas autorreferidas e aferidas. O percentual de concordância na classificação do estado nutricional foi avaliado de acordo com o sexo, idade e escolaridade dos trabalhadores. Resultados A diferença média da altura autorreferida, em relação à aferida, foi de 0,55 cm (limite inferior; limite superior: -7,41; 6,29) (p<0,001) e o do índice de massa corporal foi - 0,14 (limite inferior; limite superior: -2,72; 2,99) (p=0,005). Com relação ao diagnóstico nutricional, o excesso de peso foi subestimado em 12,4% entre as mulheres, 9,6% entre os mais velhos (³32 anos) e 7,2% entre os menos escolarizados. Conclusão A utilização de medidas autorreferidas para avaliação do estado nutricional em trabalhadores deve ser realizada com atenção, principalmente em indivíduos cujos relatos têm a tendência ao erro, como mulheres e trabalhadores com maior idade e menor escolaridade.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the use of self-reported weight and height for determining the nutritional status of workers from a poultry-processing plant in Southern Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study included 902 workers aged 18-50 years. Sociodemographic variables, weight, and height were collected by a pretested and standardized questionnaire. Body mass index was then calculated for nutritional status classification. The Bland-Altman plot measured the difference and the limits of agreement between the self-reported and measured weights, heights, and body mass indices. The percentage of agreement in nutritional status classification was evaluated by workers' sex, age, and education level. Results The mean differences between the self-reported and measured heights and body mass indices were 0.55 cm (lower-b; upper-b: -7.41; 6.29) (p<0.001); and -0.14 kg/m2 (lower-b; upper-b: -2.72; 2.99) (p=0.005), respectively. Excess weight was underestimated in 12.4% of the women, 7.2% of the workers with low education level, and 9.6% of the older workers (³32 years old). Conclusion Self-reported measures should be used carefully for evaluating nutritional status in workers, mainly in subjects who tend to misreport, such as women, older workers, and workers with lower education level.

Job characteristics and musculoskeletal pain among shift workers of a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between job characteristics and musculoskeletal pain among shift workers employed at a 24-hour poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,103 production line workers aged 18-52 years. The job characteristics of interest were shift (day/night), shift duration, and plant sector ambient temperature. Musculoskeletal pain was defined as self-reported occupational-related pain in the upper or lower extremities and trunk, occurring often or always, during the last 12 months. RESULTS: The mean (SD) participant age was 30.8 (8.5) years, and 65.7% of participants were women. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was greater among female participants than male participants. After adjustment for job characteristics and potential confounders, the prevalence ratios (PR) of lower extremity musculoskeletal pain among female workers employed in extreme-temperature conditions those working the night shift, and those who had been working longer on the same shift were 1.75 (95% CI 1.12, 2.71), 1.69 (95% CI 1.05, 2.70), and 1.64 (95% CI 1.03, 2.62), respectively. In male workers, only extreme-temperature conditions showed a significant association with lower extremity musculoskeletal pain (PR=2.17; 95% CI 1.12, 4.22) after adjustment analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a need for implementation of measures to mitigate the damage caused by nighttime work and by working under extreme temperature conditions, especially among female shift workers, such as changing positions frequently during work and implementation of rest breaks and a workplace exercise program, so as to improve worker quality of life.

Alteração no comportamento alimentar de trabalhadores de turnos de um frigorífico do sul do Brasil / Alteration in eating habits among shift workers of a poultry processing plant in southern Brazil

Resumo Investigou-se a relação entre trabalho em turnos e o comportamento alimentar dos trabalhadores de um frigorífico do sul do Brasil. Estudo transversal com 1.206 trabalhadores, entre 18 e 50 anos, de ambos os sexos. Um questionário padronizado foi utilizado para as informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, turno de trabalho e hábitos alimentares. O turno de trabalho foi categorizado em diurno e noturno, com base nos horários de início e fim do turno. O comportamento alimentar dos trabalhadores foi avaliado da seguinte forma: número e tipo de refeições realizadas nas 24 horas de um dia habitual, inadequação dos horários dessas refeições e escore alimentar de risco. Este foi construído com base na classificação de risco do consumo semanal de 13 itens alimentares. Após o ajuste para possíveis fatores de confusão, os trabalhadores do sexo masculino, de cor de pele não branca e mais jovens tiveram maior probabilidade de apresentar comportamento alimentar de risco. Trabalhadores noturnos realizavam maior número de refeições/dia e apresentaram maior inadequação nos horários das refeições do que os diurnos. O turno de trabalho noturno pode influenciar negativamente no comportamento alimentar de trabalhadores desse período.

Abstract The relationship between shift work and the eatinghabits of workers was investigated in a slaughterhouse in southern Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,206 workers of both sexes between 18 and 50 years of age. A standardized questionnaire was used to gather demographic, socioeconomic, work shift and eating habit information. The shift of work was categorized into daytime and nighttime, based on the starting and ending times of the shift. The eating habits of workers were evaluated as follows: number and type of meals eaten during the 24 hours of a normal day, the inappropriateness of the hoursof these meals and the dietaryrisk score. This was built on the risk score of the weekly consumption of 13 food items. After adjusting for potential confounders, non-Caucasian and younger male workers were more likely to manifest eating risk habits. Nighttimeshift workers consumed ahigher number of meals/day with greater inappropriateness of meal times than daytimeshift workers. The night shift can negatively influence the eating habits of workers of that shift.

Alteration in eating habits among shift workers of a poultry processing plant in southern Brazil.

The relationship between shift work and the eatinghabits of workers was investigated in a slaughterhouse in southern Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study with 1,206 workers of both sexes between 18 and 50 years of age. A standardized questionnaire was used to gather demographic, socioeconomic, work shift and eating habit information. The shift of work was categorized into daytime and nighttime, based on the starting and ending times of the shift. The eating habits of workers were evaluated as follows: number and type of meals eaten during the 24 hours of a normal day, the inappropriateness of the hoursof these meals and the dietaryrisk score. This was built on the risk score of the weekly consumption of 13 food items. After adjusting for potential confounders, non-Caucasian and younger male workers were more likely to manifest eating risk habits. Nighttimeshift workers consumed ahigher number of meals/day with greater inappropriateness of meal times than daytimeshift workers. The night shift can negatively influence the eating habits of workers of that shift.

Metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.

OBJECTIVE To analyze if metabolic syndrome and its altered components are associated with demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors in fixed-shift workers. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 902 shift workers of both sexes in a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil in 2010. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the recommendations from Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome. Its frequency was evaluated according to the demographic (sex, skin color, age and marital status), socioeconomic (educational level, income and work shift), and behavioral characteristics (smoking, alcohol intake, leisure time physical activity, number of meals and sleep duration) of the sample. The multivariate analysis followed a theoretical framework for identifying metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the sample was 9.3% (95%CI 7.4;11.2). The most frequently altered component was waist circumference (PR 48.4%; 95%CI 45.5;51.2), followed by high-density lipoprotein. Work shift was not associated with metabolic syndrome and its altered components. After adjustment, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was positively associated with women (PR 2.16; 95%CI 1.28;3.64), workers aged over 40 years (PR 3.90; 95%CI 1.78;8.93) and those who reported sleeping five hours or less per day (PR 1.70; 95%CI 1.09;2.24). On the other hand, metabolic syndrome was inversely associated with educational level and having more than three meals per day (PR 0.43; 95%CI 0.26;0.73). CONCLUSIONS Being female, older and deprived of sleep are probable risk factors for metabolic syndrome, whereas higher educational level and higher number of meals per day are protective factors for metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.

Association between work shift and the practice of physical activity among workers of a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: The regular practice of physical activity (PA) has been associated with better health. In addition, job characteristics may determine the PA behaviours of employees, including the work shift. However, relatively few studies have examined the PA behaviour among shift workers. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between work shift and the practice of PA among workers of a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1206 workers (786 females), ages 18 to 50, working in shifts on a production line that operates 24 hours/day. Workers who engaged in more than 150 minutes/week of PA were considered active. Multivariate analyses were conducted using Poisson regression and all analyses were stratified by gender. RESULTS: Of the total participants studied, 36% (95%CI: 33-39) were considered active and the sociodemographic characteristics associated with PA differed among males and females. Regarding work shift, night shift workers had higher prevalence of PA. However, increased PA was significantly associated with work shift particularly among females. After controlling for potential confounders, women who worked during the night shift were approximately 30% more active than those who worked during the day (PR[prevalence ratio]= 1.32;95%CI: 1.07-1.62;p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS: This study found a low prevalence of PA among the workers and indicated a significantly association between work shift and PA. Working at night was positively associated with regular PA, particularly among females. These results contribute for initiatives that aim to increase PA among the workers, take into account the job characteristics and gender differences.

Introducción: La práctica regular de actividad física (AF) se ha asociado con una mejor salud. Además, las características del trabajo se pueden determinar las conductas de la AF de los trabajadores, incluyendo el turno de trabajo. Sin embargo, relativamente pocos estudios han examinado el comportamiento AF entre los trabajadores por turnos. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la asociación entre turno de trabajo y la práctica de la AF entre los trabajadores de una planta de procesamiento de aves en el sur de Brasil. Métodos: Un estudio transversal se llevó a cabo con 1.206 trabajadores (786 mujeres), con edades entre 18 a 50 años, trabajando en turnos de una línea de producción que funciona las 24 horas/día. Los trabajadores que han participado en más de 150 minutos/semana de AF se consideraron activos. Se realizó un análisis multivariante mediante regresión de Poisson y todos los análisis se estratificó por sexo. Resultados: De los participantes en el estudio, el 36% (IC del 95%: 33-39) se consideraron activas y las características sociodemográficas asociadas con AF difirieron entre machos y hembras. En cuanto a los turnos de trabajo, los trabajadores del turno de noche tenían mayor prevalencia de la AF. Sin embargo, el aumento de la AF se asoció significativamente con el trabajo por turnos sobre todo entre las mujeres. Después de ajustar por factores de confusión, las mujeres que trabajaban en el turno de la noche fueron aproximadamente un 30% más activos que los que han trabajado durante el día (PR[razón de prevalencia]=1,32;IC del 95%: 1,07-1,62;p=0,010). Conclusiones: Este estudio encontró una baja prevalencia de PA entre los trabajadores e indicó una asociación significativa entre el trabajo por turnos y AF. Trabajar de noche se asoció positivamente con la AF regular, especialmente entre las mujeres. Estos resultados contribuyen a las iniciativas para aumentar la AF entre los trabajadores, teniendo en cuenta las características de las diferencias laborales y de género.

Association between work shift and the practice of physical activity among workers of a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil / Asociación entre turno de trabajo y la práctica de la actividad física entre los trabajadores de una planta de procesamiento de aves en el sur de Brasil

Introduction: The regular practice of physical activity (PA) has been associated with better health. In addition, job characteristics may determine the PA behaviours of employees, including the work shift. However, relatively few studies have examined the PA behaviour among shift workers. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between work shift and the practice of PA among workers of a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1206 workers (786 females), ages 18 to 50, working in shifts on a production line that operates 24 hours/day. Workers who engaged in more than 150 minutes/week of PA were considered active. Multivariate analyses were conducted using Poisson regression and all analyses were stratified by gender. Results: Of the total participants studied, 36% (95%CI: 33-39) were considered active and the sociodemographic characteristics associated with PA differed among males and females. Regarding work shift, night shift workers had higher prevalence of PA. However, increased PA was significantly associated with work shift particularly among females. After controlling for potential confounders, women who worked during the night shift were approximately 30% more active than those who worked during the day (PR[prevalence ratio]=1.32;95%CI: 1.07-1.62;p=0.010). Conclusions: This study found a low prevalence of PA among the workers and indicated a significantly association between work shift and PA. Working at night was positively associated with regular PA, particularly among females. These results contribute for initiatives that aim to increase PA among the workers, take into account the job characteristics and gender differences (AU)

Introducción: La práctica regular de actividad física (AF) se ha asociado con una mejor salud. Además, las características del trabajo se pueden determinar las conductas de la AF de los trabajadores, incluyendo el turno de trabajo. Sin embargo, relativamente pocos estudios han examinado el comportamiento AF entre los trabajadores por turnos. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la asociación entre turno de trabajo y la práctica de la AF entre los trabajadores de una planta de procesamiento de aves en el sur de Brasil. Métodos: Un estudio transversal se llevó a cabo con 1.206 trabajadores (786 mujeres), con edades entre 18 a 50 años, trabajando en turnos de una línea de producción que funciona las 24 horas/día. Los trabajadores que han participado en más de 150 minutos/semana de AF se consideraron activos. Se realizó un análisis multivariante mediante regresión de Poisson y todos los análisis se estratificó por sexo. Resultados: De los participantes en el estudio, el 36% (IC del 95%: 33-39) se consideraron activas y las características sociodemográficas asociadas con AF difirieron entre machos y hembras. En cuanto a los turnos de trabajo, los trabajadores del turno de noche tenían mayor prevalencia de la AF. Sin embargo, el aumento de la AF se asoció significativamente con el trabajo por turnos sobre todo entre las mujeres. Después de ajustar por factores de confusión, las mujeres que trabajaban en el turno de la noche fueron aproximadamente un 30% más activos que los que han trabajado durante el día (PR[razón de prevalencia]=1,32;IC del 95%: 1,07-1,62;p=0,010). Conclusiones: Este estudio encontró una baja prevalencia de PA entre los trabajadores e indicó una asociación significativa entre el trabajo por turnos y AF. Trabajar de noche se asoció positivamente con la AF regular, especialmente entre las mujeres. Estos resultados contribuyen a las iniciativas para aumentar la AF entre los trabajadores, teniendo en cuenta las características de las diferencias laborales y de género (AU)

Metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers / Síndrome metabólica em trabalhadores de turnos fixos

OBJECTIVE To analyze if metabolic syndrome and its altered components are associated with demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors in fixed-shift workers.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 902 shift workers of both sexes in a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil in 2010. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the recommendations from Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome. Its frequency was evaluated according to the demographic (sex, skin color, age and marital status), socioeconomic (educational level, income and work shift), and behavioral characteristics (smoking, alcohol intake, leisure time physical activity, number of meals and sleep duration) of the sample. The multivariate analysis followed a theoretical framework for identifying metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the sample was 9.3% (95%CI 7.4;11.2). The most frequently altered component was waist circumference (PR 48.4%; 95%CI 45.5;51.2), followed by high-density lipoprotein. Work shift was not associated with metabolic syndrome and its altered components. After adjustment, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was positively associated with women (PR 2.16; 95%CI 1.28;3.64), workers aged over 40 years (PR 3.90; 95%CI 1.78;8.93) and those who reported sleeping five hours or less per day (PR 1.70; 95%CI 1.09;2.24). On the other hand, metabolic syndrome was inversely associated with educational level and having more than three meals per day (PR 0.43; 95%CI 0.26;0.73).CONCLUSIONS Being female, older and deprived of sleep are probable risk factors for metabolic syndrome, whereas higher educational level and higher number of meals per day are protective factors for metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.

OBJETIVO Analisar se síndrome metabólica e seus componentes alterados estão associados a fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e comportamentais em trabalhadores de turnos fixos.MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostra de 902 trabalhadores de turnos, de ambos os sexos, de um frigorífico de frango do sul do Brasil, em 2010. O diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica foi determinado pelas recomendações doHarmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome; e sua frequência foi avaliada segundo características demográficas (sexo, cor de pele, idade e estado civil), socioeconômicas (escolaridade, renda e turno de trabalho) e comportamentais (tabagismo, consumo de álcool, atividade física de lazer, número de refeições/dia e duração do sono). A análise multivariada seguiu um modelo conceitual de determinação da síndrome metabólica em trabalhadores de turnos fixos.RESULTADOS A prevalência de síndrome metabólica foi 9,3% (IC95% 7,4;11,2). O componente mais frequentemente alterado foi a circunferência da cintura (RP 48,4%; IC95% 45,5;51,2), seguido pela lipoproteína de alta densidade. O turno de trabalho não esteve associado à síndrome metabólica e aos seus componentes alterados. Após ajustes, a prevalência da síndrome metabólica foi positivamente associada ao sexo feminino (RP 2,16; IC95% 1,28;3,64), a trabalhadores com 40 anos ou mais (RP 3,90; IC95% 1,78;8.93) e àqueles que reportaram dormir cinco horas ou menos por dia (RP 1,70; IC95% 1,09;2,24). Por outro lado, a síndrome metabólica esteve negativamente relacionada à escolaridade e a fazer mais do que três refeições por dia (RP 0,43 IC95% 0,26;0,73).CONCLUSÕES Ser mulher, possuir idade mais avançada e ter privação de sono mostraram-se potenciais fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica, enquanto ter maior escolaridade e realizar maior número de refeições/dia foram fatores de proteção para síndrome metabólica em trabalhadores de turnos fixos.

Sleep deprivation and obesity in shift workers in southern Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to explore the association between sleep deprivation and obesity among shift workers. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Time of sleep was categorized as: >5 h of continuous sleep/d; ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d with some additional rest (sleep deprivation level I); and ≤5 h of continuous sleep/d without any additional rest (sleep deprivation level II). Sociodemographic, parental and behavioural variables were evaluated by means of a standardized pre-tested questionnaire. Potential confounding factors were controlled for in the multivariable model. SETTING: A poultry-processing plant in southern Brazil. SUBJECTS: Nine hundred and five shift workers (63 % female). RESULTS: Obesity was more prevalent in the participants who were female, aged 40 years and older, who had less schooling and reported excess weight in both parents. Sleep deprivation levels I and II were associated with increased income, number of meals consumed throughout the day and nightshift work. All of the workers who exhibited a degree of sleep deprivation worked the night shift. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the prevalence ratios of obesity were 1·4 (95 % CI 0·8, 2·2) and 4·4 (95 % CI 2·4, 8·0) in the workers with sleep deprivation levels I and II, respectively, compared with the reference group. CONCLUSIONS: These results show a strong association between sleep deprivation and obesity in shift workers and that sleep deprivation may be a direct consequence of working at night.

Impact of nightshift work on overweight and abdominal obesity among workers of a poultry processing plant in southern Brazil.

The authors examined the associations of shiftwork with overweight and abdominal obesity through a cross-sectional study of 1206 employees 18 to 50 yrs of age who were working on a production line in a poultry processing plant. Night-shift workers (n = 800) were considered exposed, whereas day shiftworkers (n = 406) were considered nonexposed. Overweight was defined as a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2) and abdominal obesity as a waist circumference ≥ 88 cm in women and ≥ 102 cm in men. The mean age of the workers was 30.5 yrs (standard deviation = 8.7 yrs), and 65.2% were women. Nightshift workers compared to dayshift workers showed higher prevalences of overweight (42.2% vs. 34.3%; p= .020) and abdominal obesity (24.9% vs. 19.5%; p = .037). After adjusting for sociodemographics, parental overweight status, behavioral characteristics, and sleep characteristics, including hours of sleep, the prevalence ratios for overweight and abdominal obesity were 1.27 (95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.00-1.61) and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.10-1.92), respectively, for the nightshift workers compared to the dayshift workers. A consistent finding in our study was the independent contribution of night shiftwork to overweight and abdominal obesity among Brazilian workers. Further studies are needed to understand the biological mechanisms involved and the complex behavioral and social adaptations experienced by night-shift workers.